Activity 2





hydrogen- Atomic number 1


Atomic mass- 1.00794


Hydrogen is the first element on the table and there is only one proton (the popcorn) and one electron (the goldfish).  The egg represents the nucleus.  To make an isotope I would have to add a neutron to the model, it wouldn't be the same at all.  It doesn't have a neutron at all and adding one would change the whole composition.  Plus then I would need another snack food.....













Carbon- atomic number 6


atomic mass- 12.0107




Carbon has 6 protons, neutrons and electrons.  the egg represents 6 neutrons and protons, the two goldfish on the first ring represent a full first ring.  And the four on the outside circle represent four electrons.  Adding an isotope I would have to put something in the middle by the egg to represent an extra neutron with the egg.  For example adding two neutrons would make it carbon 12 or such. 













Oxygen- atomic number- 8
Atomic mass- 15.9994


oxygen, like carbon has the same number of electrons, neutrons and protons.  The egg represents 8 protons and 8 neutrons.  the goldfish on the inside represent a full shell with two electrons and the 6 on the outer ring represent the outside shell.  Adding something close to the egg would represent an increase in neutrons which would represent an isotope. 

















This excited state of oxygen is now missing an electrons in the inner shell, aka the goldfish are roaming free. (only the two closest to the nucleus.)


When an element gets excited its electrons are almost on speed, they go crazy.  But the important thing than comes from this is that is that you will see a color change in the element when it comes back to its ground state.  When thinking of exams of this think about a firework show.  To have a good one a ton of different colors need to be used.  The fireworks contain a ton of different elements and going through a chemical reaction allow them to get excited and then go back to ground level and this satisfies the audience at the show.


The periodic table was created to put the elements in order of their atomic make up.  The higher one the table the less complicated and less protons neutrons and electrons the element has (that does not mean that they are less important by any means).  Also each column represents a certain group for example (the noble gases).  These are their to group what they appear not only to the human eye but also the elemental make up.


Alkali metals- sodium, potassium
Alkali earth metals- Barium, Radium
Transition metals- Zinc, copper
Halogens- fluorine, Chlorine
Metalloids or semimetals- Boron, Arsenic
Non-metals- Carbon, nitrogen
Noble gases- Neon, Xenon